Data Sets

Brunei

ASEAN

Nigerian + Bruneian : 693

S1 = Bruneian female
S3 = Nigerian male

S1 : wha- what kind of punishment. <1> how far </1>

S3: <1> yeh the </1> punishment will be (.) giving you portion (.) go there (.) you have to go and weed the something with cutlass (.) or you have to kneel down inside the sun (.) for some hours

Intended Words: portion, weed, cutlass

Heard as: S1 could not understand portion and transcribed it as 'xx'; for weed whe wrote 'with'; and for cutlass, she wrote 'koplas', as she had no idea what the word was.

Discussion: Two of these words appear to represent lexical problems: the use of portion to represent an item of punishment (S3 subsequently confirmed that this is correct); and cutlass for a large knife (which in Brunei might be known as a parang).

It is possible that the misunderstanding of weed as with occurs because S3 does not always maintain the distinction between long and short vowels; in addition, the final [d] might be heard as [ð] because final TH may be pronounced as [d] in other situations.