Data Analysis
‘The North Wind and the Sun’ text was translated into Brunei Malay with the help of colleagues in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam. The consultant then read it through carefully and suggested some changes to ensure that it conforms to the way that she speaks the language.
Word lists were derived to illustrate all the consonants and vowels of Brunei Malay. Care was taken to ensure that all the items are common words in the language. In addition, the consultant helped in finding words to illustrate the occurrence of the /uj/ diphthong, such as sikoi ‘melon’ and langoi ‘look up’.
The passage and word lists were recorded directly onto a Sony laptop computer using a high-quality Shure US692 microphone and saved in WAV format. Analysis was done by repeated listening by both researchers, and measurements of the VOT of the consonants and formant frequencies of the vowels were made using Praat (Boersma & Weenink 2013).