Consonant Chart
Brunei Malay can be considered as having the 18 consonants shown in the Consonant Chart. This is the inventory given in Jaludin (2003: 44), though Mataim (2007: 28) excludes /w/ and /j/ on the grounds that they are ‘margin high vowels’, and Clynes (2001) includes /w/ but excludes /j/.
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | k | ɡ | ||||||
| Affricate | tʃ | dʒ | ||||||||||
| Fricative | s | h | ||||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||||
| Trill/Tap | r | |||||||||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||||||||
| Lateral Approximant | l | |||||||||||
The places of articulation shown in the Consonant table are the same as those in Jaludin (2000: 154) and Mataim (2007: 27), though Clynes (2001) prefers to group /s/ together with /tʃ dʒ ɲ/ and label them as ‘laminals’ (on the basis of the active rather than the passive articulator).
In addition to these 18 consonants, Jaludin (2000: 154) lists the glottal stop /ʔ/ as a consonant of Brunei Malay, though Jaludin (2003: 44) omits it. Poedjosoedarmo (1996: 40) notes that a glottal stop tends to be appended to word-final vowels in utterance-final position to indicate stress, in which case it is non-contrastive. It is therefore not listed as a phoneme here.