Illustrative Words for Consonants
The 18 consonants shown in the Consonant Chart are illustrated in the word list below, in which the words in italics are the orthographic versions listed in the Brunei Malay dictionary (DBP 2007). They are all common words in Brunei Malay, and as far as possible they were chosen as minimal pairs for the voiceless/voiced contrasts, so for example parang ‘machete’ contrasts with barang ‘thing’.
| /p/ | /paraŋ/ | parang | 'machete' | /m/ | /mama/ | mama | 'mother' | |||
| /b/ | /baraŋ/ | barang | 'thing' | /n/ | /nama/ | nama | 'name' | |||
| /t/ | /taun/ | taun | 'year' | /ɲ/ | /ɲawa/ | nyawa | 'life' | |||
| /d/ | /daun/ | daun | 'leaf' | /ŋ/ | /ŋalih/ | ngalih | 'tired' | |||
| /k/ | /kali/ | kali | 'times' | /s/ | /sambal/ | sambal | 'shrimp paste' | |||
| /ɡ/ | /ɡadʒi/ | gaji | 'wage' | /h/ | /labih/ | labih | 'more' | |||
| /ʧ/ | /ʧari/ | cari | 'search' | /j/ | /jatim/ | yatim | 'orphan' | |||
| /ʤ/ | /ʤari/ | jari | 'finger' | /w/ | /wakil/ | wakil | 'representative' | |||
| /r/ | /rumah/ | rumah | 'house' | /l/ | /laki/ | laki | 'husband' |